Tommaso Campanella – poet and philosopher
Friar had utopian dream to banish poverty
Writer Tommaso Campanella was born on this day in 1568 at Stilo in Reggio Calabria and was baptised Giovanni Domenico Campanella. As a friar who was also a philosopher, Campanella tried to reconcile humanism with Roman Catholicism. He is best remembered for his work, La città del sole (The City of the Sun), written in 1602, which was about a utopian commonwealth where every man’s work contributed to the good of the community and there was no poverty. Campanella spent almost half of his life in prison after becoming involved with a plot to overthrow Spanish rule in Calabria. The son of a poor cobbler, Campanella was an infant prodigy who joined the Dominican order before he was 15, taking the name Fra Tommaso. He was influenced by the work of philosopher Bernardino Telesio, who opposed Aristotle’s ideas. Read more…
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Francesca Porcellato - Paralympian
Life of sporting excellence born of horrific accident
Francesca Porcellato, one of Italy’s most enduring Paralympians, was born on this day in 1970 in Castelfranco Veneto. She competed in eight summer Paralympics as an athlete and cyclist and three winter Paralympics in cross-country skiing, winning a total of 14 medals, including three golds. At the 2010 Winter Paralympics in Vancouver, Canada, she was flag-bearer for the Italian team. She is also a prolific wheelchair marathon competitor, sharing with America’s Tatyana McFadden the distinction of having won the London Marathon wheelchair event four times. In 2018, she won both the road race and time trial golds in the H3 category for the third time at the Paracycling road world championships. The H3 category involves competitors riding in a lying position, using their arms to turn the wheels. Read more…
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Renzo Rivolta - engineer
Entrepreneur who invented the ‘bubble car’
Renzo Rivolta, the businessman and engineer behind the ‘bubble car’ phenomenon of the 1950s, was born in Desio, a town in Lombardy about 20km (12 miles) north of Milan, on this day in 1908. A visionary entrepreneur, Rivolta conceived the three-wheeled vehicle as a crossover between a motorcycle and a car, to bridge the gap in the market between conventional motorcycles and scooters and Italy’s cheapest car, the Fiat Topolino. Named the Isetta, the car was essentially egg-shaped with just about room for two adults on the one seat. The nose section was also the access door, with a rack attached to the rear to carry a small amount of luggage. Because of its shape and bubble-like windows, it became known as a bubble car. In the event, it was not particularly successful in Italy, yet it was a hit with buyers in other parts of Europe and in South America. Read more…
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Mario Scelba – prime minister
Tough interior minister worked for social and economic reform
Mario Scelba, a Christian Democrat who would become Italy’s 33rd prime minister, was born on this day in 1901 in Caltagirone in Sicily. He earned the nickname ‘the Iron Sicilian’ while serving as Interior Minister because of his repression of both left-wing protests and neo-Fascist rallies. Scelba had been born into a poor family that worked on land owned by the priest Don Luigi Sturzo, who was to become one of the founders of the Italian People’s Party (PPI). As his godfather, Sturzo paid for Scelba to study law in Rome. When the Fascists suppressed the PPI and forced Sturzo into exile, Scelba remained in Rome as his agent. He wrote for the underground newspaper, Il Popolo, during the Second World War. He was once arrested by the Germans but freed after three days as he was considered to be ‘a worthless catch’. Read more…
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Giacomo Zabarella – philosopher
Scholar devoted his life to explaining Aristotle’s ideas
The leading representative of Renaissance Aristotelianism, Giacomo Zabarella, was born on this day in 1533 in Padua in the Veneto. His ability to translate ancient Greek enabled him to understand the original texts written by Aristotle and he spent most of his life presenting what he considered to be the true meaning of the philosopher’s ideas. He had been born into a noble Paduan family who arranged for him to receive a humanist education. After entering the University of Padua he was taught by Francesco Robortello in the humanities, Bernardino Tomitano in logic, Marcantonio Genua in physics and metaphysics and Pietro Catena in mathematics. All were followers of Aristotle. Zabarella obtained a Doctorate in Philosophy from the university in 1553 and was offered the Chair of Logic in 1564. Read more…
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Book of the Day: The City of the Sun, by Tommaso Campanella
Tommaso Campanella produced much of his most significant work in jail. These include The Monarchy in Spain (1600), Political Aphorisms (1601), Metaphysica (1609-1623), Theologia (1613-1624), Apology for Galileo (1616), and The City of the Sun (1623).
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