23 January

NEW - Pina Carmirelli - violinist

Virtuoso trusted with 17th century masterpiece

Pina Carmirelli, who became one of Italy’s most gifted violinists of the 20th century, was born on this day in 1914 in Varzi, a town in the province of Pavia in Lombardy about 90km (45 miles) south of Milan.  Carmirelli enjoyed a brilliant career as a soloist and as a member of various chamber groups, the most notable of which was the Boccherini Quintet, which she co-founded with her husband, the cellist Arturo Bonucci, in order to revive interest in the music of the 18th century cellist, Luigi Boccherini.  She was held in such high regard that the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia in Rome, where she taught for many years, allowed her use of one of the prized possessions of their Museum, the 1690 Tuscan, Medici violin that was one of a set of five instruments the great Antonio Stradivari built for Ferdinando de’ Medici, the Grand Prince of Tuscany.  Read more…

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Silvio Gazzaniga - sculptor

Milanese artist who designed FIFA World Cup trophy

Silvio Gazzaniga, the sculptor and medal-maker who created the trophy held aloft every four years by the winners of football’s World Cup, was born in Milan on this day in 1921.  Gazzaniga designed the trophy, with its spiralling lines depicting two players, with arms outstretched in triumph, carrying a globe on their shoulders, in 1971, after entering a competition organised by football’s world governing body, FIFA.  The organisation had been faced with a dilemma after the 1970 World Cup, when champions Brazil earned the right to keep the Jules Rimet Trophy, the prize for which the competition was originally played, by winning for the third time.  In the knowledge that they would need a new trophy before the next tournament, in 1974, they invited designers to submit their ideas, eventually collecting 53 proposals from artists all over the world. Read more…

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Salvatore Lima - politician

Christian Democrat MEP murdered by Mafia

Salvatore Lima, a politician strongly suspected of being the Sicilian Mafia’s ‘man in Rome’ before he was shot dead near his seaside villa in 1992, was born on this day in 1928 in Palermo.  The Christian Democrat MEP, usually known as Salvo, had been suspected of corruption as Mayor of Palermo in the 1950s and 60s and in his time as a member of the Chamber of Deputies, between 1968 and 1979, when he formed a close association with Giulio Andreotti, the three-times Italian prime minister whose rise to power was helped considerably by the support Lima garnered for him in Sicily.  Lima's links with the Mafia were established by a magistrates’ enquiry into his death when it was concluded that he was killed as an act of revenge following his failure to have sentences against 342 mafiosi accused in the so-called 'maxi-trial' of 1986-87 annulled or at least reduced.  Read more…

Giovanni Michelotti – car designer

The many Triumphs of Turin sports car genius

One of the most prolific designers of sports cars in the 20th century, Giovanni Michelotti died on this day in 1980 in Turin.   Known for his hard work and creative talent, Michelotti has been credited with designing more than 1200 different cars.  He worked for Ferrari, Lancia and Maserati in Italy but car firms abroad soon got to know about him and he also designed for Triumph and BMW.  Michelotti was born in Turin in 1921 and worked for coach building firms before opening his own design studio in 1959.  The first of his designs put into production was for an Alfa Romeo 6C 2500 in 1947.  Among the legendary sports cars designed by Michelotti in Italy are the Ferrari 166 MM and the Maserati Sebring.  In Britain he was responsible for many successful Triumphs, including the famous Spitfire, Stag and TR4. Read more…

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Muzio Clementi – composer and pianist

Musician is remembered as ‘father of the piano’

Composer Muzio Clementi, whose studies and sonatas helped develop the technique of the early pianoforte, was born on this day in 1752 in Rome.  He moved to live in England when he was young, where he became a successful composer and pianist and started a music publishing and piano manufacturing business. He also helped to found the Royal Philharmonic Society in London.  Clementi was baptised Mutius Philippus Vincentius Franciscus Xaverius the day after his birth at the Church of San Lorenzo in Damaso in Rome.  His father was a silversmith, who soon recognised Clementi’s musical talent and arranged for him to have lessons from a relative, who was maestro di cappella at St Peter’s Basilica.  By the time he was 13, Clementi had already composed an oratorio and a mass and he became the organist at his parish church, San Lorenzo in Damaso. Read more…

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Luisa Casati – heiress and muse

Outrageous marchioness saw herself as a living work of art

The heiress, socialite and artist’s muse Luisa Casati, known for her outlandish dresses, exotic pets and hedonistic lifestyle, was born on this day in 1881 in Milan.  Casati, born into a wealthy background, married a marquis – Camillo, Marchese Casati Stampa di Soncino – when she was 19 and provided him with a daughter, Cristina, a year later, yet the marriage was never strong and they kept separate residences from an early stage.  It was not long before she tired of a life bound by formalities and the strict rules of etiquette and everything changed after she met the poet, patriot and lothario Gabriele D’Annunzio. They became lovers and D’Annunzio introduced her to the world of writers and artists.  Tall, almost painfully thin and with striking looks, she became a creature of fascination for many young artists, who craved the chance to paint her.  Read more…

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Book of the Day: Stradivari, His Life And Work (1644-1737), by W Henry Hill, Arthur F Hill and Alfred E Hill

The Hill family’s Antonio Stradivari: His Life and Work (1644–1737) has been a cornerstone of reference for students of the great Italian luthiers since its publication in 1902, yet is also a genuinely absorbing read. W E Hill and Sons of London for much of the 20th century were the world’s foremost dealers in violins and other musical instruments and handled and authenticated more Stradivari instruments than anyone in history.  The 1690 Tuscan, Medici which Pina Carmirelli played for 15 years passed through their hands on several occasions. Written by three of  founder William Ebsworth Hill's four sons, the book reconstructs Stradivari’s biography despite sparse archival records, discussing his apprenticeship (likely with the Amati family), his marriage, children, and workshop, and makes a careful attempt to place him within the social and economic life of 17th-18th‑century Cremona. It also provides a detailed analysis of the development of his style as a luthier, dividing his career into four distinct periods, with much technical detail of how his instruments were constructed. There is also a descriptive catalogue of known Stradivari instruments and fascinating sections on his workshop and the materials he used, with a whole chapter devoted to the Cremonese varnish alone. 

W E Hill and Sons was founded in 1880 by the violin and bow maker William Ebsworth Hill, establishing a reputation for the quality of the instruments they produced and as an authority on fine instruments generally, which was continued by his sons, William Henry, Arthur, Alfred and Walter. Based originally in Wardour Street, the firm occupied premises in New Bond Street for 80 years before moving to a country house location in Buckinghamshire, returning to London in 2018 to their present headquarters and workshop in Hampstead. 

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